Lighting system development has been in four phases or generations. The first generation which everyone knows is very primitive oil lamp (candle), with further development came the second generation called as incandescence bulb invented by Edison, then came the third generation which everybody is aware of, called as fluorescent lamp. The latest revolutionary is the fourth generation of lighting known as white LED which is expected to dominate the lighting market in the coming future.
Since Nick
Holonyak from GE invented the first visible LED (GaAsP), in the 60s of last
century, red and green LED born, followed by yellow at 70s, green at 90s. Green
LED plus yellow fluorescence material emits white light. Thus, LED applications
started expanding from traditional display to most promising general lighting,
replacing incandescence and fluorescent lamp. With the unparalleled advantages
of energy efficient, long longevity, fast response, LED started becoming more
and more popular in the lighting market.
Japan is the
largest LED producing country inn the world, followed by China Taiwan.
The use of LED
in industrial sector has shown a phenomenal growth. The major application
growth is seen in the automobile sector which went up from 10% to 22% and
lighting grew from 2% to 15%, and that for LCD TV and PC it went up to 7% and
6% respectively. This shows how the fourth generation which is LED that not
only has the energy efficiency but also save the utility cost, has dominated
the market and will continue dominating for next decade as well.
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